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Engineers at Stanford Advanced Materials apply metals, alloys and composite materials as coatings using thermal spraying. The process deposits molten or heated substances onto a substrate. Engineers heat the coating precursor using electrical means (plasma or electric arc) or chemical means (combustion flame).
Thermal spray techniques are coating processes in which molten or heated substances are sprayed onto a surface. The feedstock is heated using electrical methods (plasma or arc) or chemical means (combustion flame).
Thermal spraying can apply thick coatings. Coating thickness ranges from approximately 20 micrometres to several millimetres, depending on the process and feedstock. The deposition rate is high when compared to other coating techniques such as electroplating and physical or chemical vapour deposition. Coating materials for thermal spraying include metals, alloys, ceramics, plastics and composite materials. They are fed in powder or wire form. The material is heated to a molten or semi-molten state. It is accelerated onto the substrate as micro-scale splats. Combustion or electrical arc discharge typically powers the process. Multiple sprayed particles form the coating. The substrate remains relatively cool. This property permits the coating of combustible materials.
Coating quality is typically assessed by measuring porosity, oxygen content, macro- and micro-hardness, adhesion and surface roughness. Coating density generally increases with higher particle velocity.
Metals: Our metal selection includes conventional materials such as steel and aluminium and specialised materials such as titanium and copper. These materials deliver durability, electrical conductivity and formability.
Alloys: Our alloys combine properties from several metals. They are engineered to yield defined strength, corrosion resistance and surface finish.
Composite Materials: Our composite materials combine different substances to achieve increased structural strength, reduced weight and extended durability. They are developed through measured assessment of the properties of each constituent.
Precision Engineering: Our metals, alloys and composite materials are manufactured with precision. They maintain their integrity under demanding conditions and meet the technical standards for reliability and longevity.
Manufacturing: In manufacturing, materials are used in machine components and structural elements. They support precision and efficiency in production processes.
Construction: In construction, our materials are employed to build durable structures. They meet engineering criteria for strength and adaptability.
Automotive: In automotive production, our materials contribute to performance, safety and design standards. They are selected based on quantitative specifications.
Oil and Gas: In the oil and gas sector, our materials perform under extreme conditions. They support operational reliability in exploration and production.
Quality Assurance: Our materials are subject to rigorous testing. Tests include measurements of porosity, oxygen content, hardness, adhesion and surface roughness, thereby verifying compliance with industry standards.
Expert Advice: Subject matter experts provide technical guidance. They assist in selecting the appropriate materials for specific applications.
Sustainability: Our materials are engineered for long service life. They support environmentally responsible production and construction.
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