Converters & Calculators
Tantalum: Element Properties And Uses
Description
Tantal is a rare metal with specific chemical and physical properties. It is valued for its corrosion resistance and its role in electronics and industry.
Introduction to the Element
Tantal is a transition metal with atomic number 73. It exhibits a hard blue-grey appearance and offers high corrosion resistance. It has been used since its discovery in the early 19th century.
Chemical Properties Description
When exposed to oxygen, tantalum forms a thin protective oxide layer that prevents additional chemical reactions. Research confirms that its minimal reactivity facilitates use in chemical processing equipment and biomedical implants, where long service life is required. Studies indicate that the metal maintains stability under various chemical conditions.
The numerical data presented below support its use in chemical and industrial applications.
Table of Physical Properties
|
Property |
Value |
|
Atomic Number |
73 |
|
Atomic Mass |
180.95 u |
|
Melting Point |
3 017 °C |
|
Density |
16.65 g/cm³ |
|
Thermal Conductivity |
57.5 W/(m-K) |
|
Electrical Resistivity |
13.1 µΩ-cm |
|
Hardness |
Approximately 6.5 Mohs |
|
Crystal Structure |
Hexagonal |
Further details are available at Stanford Advanced Materials (SAM).
Common Applications
Tantal is used in the electronics industry for the production of capacitor-grade materials and resistors. These components are found in mobile telephones, computers and other electronic devices. It is also incorporated into high-temperature alloys employed in aerospace, defence and other technology sectors. Additionally, its biocompatibility and material strength permit its use in surgical implants and dental devices.
Preparation Methods
Tantal is primarily obtained from the ore columbite-tantalite, commonly known as coltan. The process begins with mechanical separation, followed by chemical treatments to remove impurities. Tantal is then purified by solvent extraction and electrolysis. Subsequently, tantalum halides are reduced at high temperatures to yield pure tantalum metal.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the atomic number of tantalum?
The atomic number of tantalum is 73.
How is tantalum obtained from its ores?
Tantalum is extracted from coltan by means of mechanical separation followed by chemical processing and purification.
Why is tantalum used in electronics?
Tantalum is used in electronics because its corrosion resistance and stability ensure a long operational life for components.
Which purification methods are applied to produce pure tantalum?
They include extraction from columbite-tantalite, solvent extraction, electrolysis and high-temperature reduction of tantalum halides.
How do the chemical properties of tantalum benefit its industrial applications?
Its inert behaviour and ability to form a protective oxide film ensure reliability in corrosive conditions.
Chin Trento
