Assessment of skin exposure to nickel, chromium and cobalt by acid wipe sampling and ICP-MS.

Title	Assessment of skin exposure to nickel, chromium and cobalt by acid wipe sampling and ICP-MS.
Authors	Carola Lidén, Thelma Skare, Birger Lind, G Nise, Marie Vahter
Magazine	Contact Dermatitis
Date	04/30/2006
DOI	10.1111/j.0105-1873.2006.00736.x
Introduction	Accurately measuring skin exposure to contact allergens is vital. We developed a method using acid wipe sampling with cellulose wipes containing 1% nitric acid to assess skin exposure to nickel, chromium, and cobalt. The chemical analysis was conducted using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The recovery rate from arms and palms was 93%, with results expressed in micrograms per square centimetre. This technique effectively determines the presence of these metals on the skin and is applicable in workplace studies, general population assessments, dermatitis patient studies, risk group identification, preventive strategy development, and post-intervention follow-up.
Quote	Carola Lidén, Thelma L. Skare and Birger Lind et al. Assessment of skin exposure to nickel, chromium and cobalt by acid wipe sampling and ICP-MS. 2006. DOI: 10.1111/j.0105-1873.2006.00736.x
Element	Nickel (Ni) , Chromium (Cr) , Cobalt (Co)
Materials	Metals and Alloys
Topics	Biomedical Materials , Environmental and Green Materials
Industry	Research & Laboratory , Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics