Carcinogenicity assessment of selected nickel compounds.

Title	Carcinogenicity assessment of selected nickel compounds.
Authors	M. Costa, G Oberdörster, Adriana R Oller
Magazine	Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
Date	02/28/1997
DOI	10.1006/taap.1996.8075
Introduction	Early epidemiological studies suggested varied cancer risks from inhaling different nickel compounds, yet the characteristics defining their carcinogenic hazards were unclear. Initially, all soluble and insoluble nickel compounds were thought to share a carcinogenic mechanism with differing potencies. However, recent research questions this view. This paper integrates human, animal, and in vitro data into a model to understand the carcinogenic potential of nickel compounds. Two main components are identified in lung cancer development from nickel exposure: heritable genetic or epigenetic changes, and cell proliferation promotion. The differing roles of three nickel compounds in these processes are discussed, emphasising the need for distinct regulatory approaches for each species. Compounds such as nickel subsulfide, high-temperature nickel oxide, and nickel sulfate exhibit varied effects, from genetic/epigenetic immortality to threshold-based tumour induction, highlighting the importance of tailored risk assessments.
Quote	M. Costa, G. Oberdörster and Adriana R. Oller. Carcinogenicity assessment of selected nickel compounds. 1997. DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.8075
Element	Nickel (Ni)
Materials	Chemical Compounds
Industry	Chemical & Pharmacy