Nickel as a "newer trace element" in the nutrition of domestic animals.

Title	Nickel as a "newer trace element" in the nutrition of domestic animals.
Authors	Julie Spears
Magazine	Journal of animal science
Date	08/31/1984
DOI	10.2527/jas1984.593823x
Introduction	Nickel (Ni) is recognised as an essential element for several animal species including chicks, rats, pigs, sheep, and goats. Despite proposed functions from various studies, its exact physiological role in mammals and birds remains unclear. Ni-dependent enzymes such as rumen bacterial urease and components like factor F430 in methanogenic bacteria highlight its biological significance. Ni influences mineral metabolism, notably interacting with iron, zinc, and copper. While chicks need only small amounts of Ni, data on swine requirements is lacking, and ruminants appear to need more. Ni supplementation can enhance growth, feed efficiency, and urease activity in ruminants, although results vary. Dietary factors such as protein and urea levels affect responses to Ni, with notable effects seen in low-protein diets. However, knowledge on Ni levels, forms, and bioavailability in feeds remains limited. Ni is regulated within animals, requiring high levels to induce toxicity.
Quote	Julie Spears. Nickel as a "newer trace element" in the nutrition of domestic animals.. 1984. DOI: 10.2527/jas1984.593823x
Element	Nickel (Ni)