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Sub-Seasonal Variation in Neptune's Mid-Infrared Emission

Title	Sub-Seasonal Variation in Neptune's Mid-Infrared Emission
Authors	Michael T. Roman, Leigh N. Fletcher, Glenn S. Orton, Thomas K. Greathouse, Julianne I. Moses, Naomi Rowe-Gurney, Patrick G. J. Irwin, Arrate Antuñano, James Sinclair, Yasumasa Kasaba, Takuya Fujiyoshi, Imke de Pater, Heidi B. Hammel
Magazine	AAS Journals (PSJ)
Date	11/30/2021
Introduction	This study provides an examination of all existing ground-based mid-infrared imagery of Neptune, spanning from 2003 to 2020. These observations highlight temporal shifts in Neptune's mid-infrared emission across the ~8-25 micron range. Specifically, images attuned to stratospheric ethane (~12 micron), methane (~8 micron), and CH3D (~9 micron) exhibit notable sub-seasonal variations at both regional and global levels. Corroboration with hydrogen-quadrupole (~17-micron H2 S(1)) spectra indicates these alterations are predominantly linked to changes in stratospheric temperature. The stratosphere demonstrated a cooling trend from 2003 to 2010 across various filtered wavelengths, followed by a substantial warming of the south pole between 2018 and 2020. In contrast, upper tropospheric temperatures remained stable during this period, except for the south pole, which recorded its highest temperatures from 2003 to 2006. The observed variability is discussed in relation to seasonal influences, tropospheric weather patterns, and the solar cycle. These collected data represent evidence for processes generating sub-seasonal variability within Neptune's stratosphere on both global and regional scales.
Quote	Michael T. Roman, Leigh N. Fletcher and Glenn S. Orton et al. Sub-Seasonal Variation in Neptune's Mid-Infrared Emission. 2021.
Element	Hydrogen (H) , Carbon (C)
Industry	Space , Research & Laboratory

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