CF6787 Basalt Fiber Yarn

Basalt Fibre Yarn Description

Basalt Fibre Yarn is an advanced inorganic continuous yarn produced from molten volcanic basalt rock (1400-1600°C). Its exceptional properties stem from a completely amorphous microstructure, providing an ultra-high tensile strength of ≥2000 -4800 MPa, which surpasses E-glass by 30%, as well as outstanding rigidity, characterised by a modulus of elasticity of 85 - 110 GPa. Basalt fibre yarns exhibit excellent thermal resistance, allowing for continuous operation in an extreme temperature range of -260°C to +650°C without significant impairment. This resilience is supported by a very high melting point of over 1,450°C and an exceptionally low thermal expansion (8 × 10⁻⁶/K).

Chemically, it possesses remarkable inertness: it is resistant to alkalis, acids (pH 1-14), UV radiation, and hydrolysis, ensuring a long service life in corrosive environments. Customisable sizing agents further enhance natural hydrophobicity; for example, starch-based agents are preferred for eco-textiles, while silane or polymer-based options optimise adhesion in composites. Electrically, it functions as an excellent insulator (volume resistivity: 1 × 10¹² Ω-cm), ideal for electronic substrates.

The yarn is available in linear densities (50-2400 tex) and twist levels (40-200 tpm), optimising processability for weaving and knitting, while maintaining a stretch of <2%. Its density, ranging between 2.65 and 2.80 g/cm³, is significantly lower than that of steel and comparable to glass fibres, making it ideal for lightweight reinforcement applications. The yarn has a natural golden-brown hue, eliminating the need for dyeing, and is manufactured using a highly efficient single-step melt extraction process that consumes minimal energy. In combination with its inherent qualities of being 100% recyclable and non-toxic, basalt fibre yarn largely aligns with the principles of the circular economy.

Applications leverage its hybrid performance: the combination of carbon fibre-like strength, ceramic-like heat tolerance, and polymer-compatible flexibility for next-generation composites, fire-resistant textiles, and sustainable infrastructures.

Applications of Basalt Fibre Yarns

Basalt fibre yarns are employed as high-performance reinforcement materials in numerous industries thanks to their extraordinary strength (≥2000MPa), extreme thermal resilience (-260°C to +650°C), and chemical inertness. In composite manufacturing, it reinforces polymer matrices for lightweight components in the automotive and aerospace sectors and BFRP bars in marine infrastructure, substituting corrosion-prone steel in bridges and sea walls. In industrial textiles, it is woven into fire-resistant curtains, abrasive wheel fabrics, tyre cords, and acid-resistant filter materials, utilising its abrasion resistance and customisable sizing (e.g., starch for eco-textiles, fluoropolymers for flexibility). In construction, it stabilises earthquake-prone slopes and enhances the durability of asphalt/concrete, while its electrical insulating properties (1×10¹² Ω-cm) suit it for electronic substrates for printed circuit boards. Emerging applications include smart composites with conductive coatings for structural health monitoring and energy harvesting, leveraging sustainability (recyclable, energy-efficient production) and hybrid functionality, which combines the properties of ceramics, polymers, and metallic materials.

Packaging of Basalt Fibre Yarns

Our products are packaged in custom boxes of various sizes, tailored to the dimensions of the material. Smaller items are securely packed in PP boxes, while larger items are placed in custom wooden crates. We ensure strict adherence to packaging specifications and the use of suitable cushioning materials to provide optimal protection during transport.

Packaging: 1-5 kg/spool, plastic-wrapped. Cardboard, wooden crate, or custom.

Please refer to the packaging details for your information.

Manufacturing Process

1)Testing Procedures

(1)Analysis of chemical composition - Verified using techniques such as GDMS or XRF to ensure compliance with purity requirements.

(2)Testing of mechanical properties - Includes tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation tests to assess material performance.

(3)Dimensional testing - Measures thickness, width, and length to ensure adherence to specified tolerances.

(4)Surface quality testing - Checks for defects such as scratches, cracks, or inclusions through visual and ultrasonic inspection.

(5)Hardness testing - Determines material hardness to confirm consistency and mechanical reliability.

Please refer to the SAM Testing Procedures for detailed information.

FAQs on Basalt Fibre Yarns

Q1. What is Basalt Fibre Yarn made from?

Molten volcanic basalt rock (1400-1600°C), spun into continuous filaments without chemical additives.

Q2. How does it compare to E-glass or carbon fibre?

Vs. E-glass: 30% higher tensile strength, better temperature/chemical resistance.

Vs. Carbon fibre: Lower cost, non-conductive, environmentally friendly (no petroleum).

Q3. What sizing agents are used?

We offer a range of sizing agents tailored to the specific application: starch-based options are ideal for eco-friendly textiles, silane or polymer-based agents enhance adhesion in composite matrices, and fluoropolymer sizing provides excellent abrasion resistance for demanding industrial applications. Our team can assist in selecting the most suitable sizing for your specific requirements.

Related Information

1.Common preparation methods

Manufacture of basalt fibre yarn begins with raw basalt rock (diabase or diabase basalt), which is crushed, washed, and dried to remove impurities. The cleaned rock is fed into a gas or electrically heated furnace and melted at 1,450-1,500 °C into a homogeneous lava-like melt. This basalt melt flows into a nozzle made of a platinum-rhodium alloy with micrometre-sized openings (7-16 μm in diameter), where highly precise continuous fibres with controlled viscosity (10-30 Pa-s) and temperature (±1 °C) are spun. The extruded filaments are quickly cooled by air quenching and solidify into amorphous fibres. A sizing agent (e.g., starch for textiles, silane for composites) is immediately applied via an emulsifying roller to enhance cohesion and processability. The filaments are then gathered into a multifilament strand and twisted using ring spinning or direct twisting machines (40-200 twists/meter). Finally, the yarn is wound onto plastic spools (1-5 kg units) for packaging, with quality control ensuring consistent linear density (50-2,400 tex) and tensile strength (≥2000 MPa).