HA9006 Rotundine Powder

Rotundine Powder Description

Rotundine Powder is characterised as a hygroscopic crystalline solid ranging from white to pale yellow, with a molecular formula of C₂₁H₂₅NO₄ and a molecular weight of 355.43 g/mol. It decomposes above 155°C and exhibits photosensitivity, gradually yellowing upon exposure to light or heat. The compound is insoluble in water but dissolves readily in chloroform, is sparingly soluble in ethanol or ether, and forms stable salts in dilute sulphuric acid for aqueous formulations. Its bioactivity arises from stereoselective binding to dopamine receptors (D1/D2/D3) and 5-HT1A serotonin receptors (IC50: 370 nM), inhibiting neurotransmitter release in the amygdala to suppress seizures and pain signalling. Thermogravimetric analysis confirms stability below 60°C, while pH-dependent solubility favours acidic conditions (optimal pH 1–3). Analytical profiles reveal a melting point of 140–143°C for sulphate salts, with heavy metals controlled below pharmacopeial limits (lead ≤20 ppm). Stability requires airtight, light-shielded storage at 15–25°C to prevent oxidative degradation of its tetracyclic isoquinoline structure.

Rotundine Powder Applications

• Pharmaceuticals and Therapeutics: Formulated into oral tablets, injectables, and rapid-disintegrating sublingual preparations for neuropathic pain, menstrual cramps, and tension-induced insomnia. Clinical doses of 60–120 mg/day inhibit dopamine release in the central nervous system, reducing seizure frequency and muscle spasms without respiratory depression or addiction risks.
• Neurological Research: Utilised as a molecular probe to study dopamine receptor dynamics and serotonin pathways in addiction models. Antagonism of D3 receptors mitigates cocaine-seeking behaviour in preclinical trials, supporting investigations into substance abuse therapies.
• Functional Supplements: Integrated into herbal sleep aids and anxiety supplements at 30–60 mg doses. Enhances GABAergic activity when combined with magnesium glycinate, improving sleep latency and duration in stress-related insomnia.
• Veterinary Medicine: Incorporated into pet analgesics for postoperative pain and anxiety management. Species-specific dosing (1–2 mg/kg) alleviates canine noise phobia and feline stress-induced cystitis.

Rotundine Powder Packaging

Our products are packaged in customised cartons of various sizes based on material dimensions. Small items are securely packed in PP boxes, while larger items are placed in custom wooden crates. We ensure adherence to packaging customisation and the use of appropriate cushioning materials to provide protection during transportation.

Packaging: Carton, Wooden Box, or Customised.

Kindly review the packaging details provided for your reference.

Manufacturing Process

1.       Testing Method

(1)    Chemical Composition Analysis - Verified using techniques such as GDMS or XRF to ensure compliance with purity requirements.

(2)    Mechanical Properties Testing - Includes tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation tests to assess material performance.

(3)    Dimensional Inspection - Measures thickness, width, and length to ensure adherence to specified tolerances.

(4)    Surface Quality Inspection - Checks for defects such as scratches, cracks, or inclusions through visual and ultrasonic examination.

(5)    Hardness Testing - Determines material hardness to confirm uniformity and mechanical reliability.

Please refer to the SAM testing procedures for detailed information.

Rotundine Powder FAQs

Q1. Why choose 98% purity over lower grades?

High purity minimises toxic contaminants (e.g., residual plant lectins). Demand Certificates of Analysis (CoA) verifying HPLC ≥98% and heavy metals (Pb ≤20 ppm).

Q2. Why does it cause mild nausea initially?

Alkaloids temporarily irritate the gastric mucosa. Take with food or switch to enteric-coated capsules. Symptoms typically resolve in 3–5 days.

Q3. Does sunlight degrade its potency?

Yes. Store in amber bottles at <25°C. Discard if powder darkens to yellow.

Related Information

1.       Common Preparation Methods

Rotundine Powder is traditionally extracted from dried Stephania cepharantha roots or Corydalis rhizomes, milled and macerated in acidified ethanol (0.5% H₂SO₄, 80% ethanol) at 50°C for 3 cycles. Combined extracts are pH-adjusted to 6–7, ethanol is evaporated to syrup, and filtered to remove particulates. The filtrate is alkalised with ammonia to precipitate crude rotundine, which is dissolved in 0.5M H₂SO₄, filtered, re-alkalised, and extracted with chloroform. Chloroform fractions are concentrated and crystallised at 4°C to yield raw powder. Modern biocatalytic methods utilise engineered E. coli co-expressing oxygen-methyltransferase mutants, methionine adenosyltransferase, and S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase to convert dopamine precursors into rotundine via enzymatic cascades, achieving >90% enantiomeric purity. Purification involves macroporous resin chromatography and recrystallisation, with final products spray-dried and standardised to ≥98% tetrahydropalmatine. Quality control includes HPLC validation, residual solvent analysis, and microbial testing.