Tailoring nanoscale interfaces for perovskite-perovskite-silicon triple-junction solar cells

Title	Tailoring nanoscale interfaces for perovskite-perovskite-silicon triple-junction solar cells
Authors	Jianghui Zheng, Guoliang Wang, Leiping Duan, Weiyuan Duan, Yang Jiang, Phoebe Pearce, Yijun Gao, Md Arafat Mahmud, Chwenhaw Liao, Tik Lun Leung, Jueming Bing, Zhuofeng Li, Zhenyu Sun, Xin Cui, Christopher Bailey, Marko Jankovec, Jianpeng Yi, Runmin Tao, Lijie Zheng, Baihong Zhu, Yue Sun, Nan Sun, Gaosheng Huang, Li Wang, Andreas Lambertz, Stephen Bremner, Xinqin Liao, Tingzhu Wu, Guohua Xie, Mathias Uller Rothmann, Marko Topič, David R. McKenzie, Kaining Ding, Wei Li, Zhong Chen, Anita W. Y. Ho-
Magazine	Nature Nanotechnology
Date	10/07/2025
DOI	10.1038/s41565-025-02015-x
Introduction	Triple-junction solar cells offer a theoretical advantage in power conversion efficiency over their single and double-junction counterparts. However, practical perovskite–perovskite–silicon devices have faced challenges in reaching their full potential and commercial viability. This study addresses critical issues by implementing a piperazine-1,4-diium chloride treatment to mitigate surface defects in the top perovskite junction, replacing less stable lithium fluoride. Furthermore, the interface between the top and middle perovskite junctions is enhanced through optimising gold nanoparticles deposited on atomic layer-deposited tin oxide, ensuring efficient ohmic contacting with minimal optical losses. Through these strategic advancements, a 1-cm² triple-junction cell achieved a third party-verified reverse-scan power conversion efficiency of 27.06% with an open circuit voltage of 3.16 V. When scaled to 16 cm², the device yielded a certified steady-state power conversion efficiency of 23.3%. Device longevity was also enhanced by removing methylammonium and integrating rubidium into the perovskite bulk, complemented by the piperazine-1,4-diium chloride surface layer. An encapsulated 1-cm² cell maintained 95% of its initial efficiency after 407 hours at maximum power point and successfully passed the IEC 61215 thermal cycling test. These outcomes signify significant progress toward the development of highly efficient and stable perovskite–perovskite–silicon triple-junction solar cells.
Quote	Jianghui Zheng, Guoliang Wang and Leiping Duan et al. Tailoring nanoscale interfaces for perovskite–perovskite–silicon triple-junction solar cells. Nat Nanotechnol. 2025. DOI: 10.1038/s41565-025-02015-x
Element	Tin (Sn) , Silicon (Si) , Lithium (Li) , Fluorine (F) , Rubidium (Rb) , Carbon (C) , Hydrogen (H) , Nitrogen (N) , Oxygen (O)
Industry	Solar Energy